On
February 28, 2003, the President issued Homeland Security Presidential
Directive (HSPD)–5, Management of Domestic Incidents,
which directs the Secretary of Homeland Security to develop
and administer
a National Incident Management System (NIMS). This system provides
a consistent nationwide template to enable Federal, State,
local, and tribal governments and private-sector and nongovernmental
organizations to work together effectively and efficiently
to
prepare for, prevent, respond to, and recover from domestic
incidents, regardless of cause, size, or complexity, including
acts of catastrophic
terrorism. This document establishes the basic elements of
the NIMS and provides mechanisms for the further development
and
refinement of supporting national standards, guidelines, protocols,
systems, and technologies.
Building on the foundation provided by existing incident management
and emergency response systems used by jurisdictions and functional
disciplines at all levels, this document integrates best practices
that have proven effective over the years into a comprehensive framework
for use by incident management organizations in an all- hazards context
(terrorist attacks, natural disasters, and other emergencies) nationwide.
It also sets in motion the mechanisms necessary to leverage new technologies
and adopt new approaches that will enable continuous refinement of
the NIMS over time. This document was developed through a collaborative,
intergovernmental partnership with significant input from the incident
management functional disciplines, the private sector, and nongovernmental
organizations.
The NIMS represents a core set of doctrine, concepts, principles,
terminology, and organizational processes to enable effective, efficient,
and collaborative incident management at all levels. It is not an
operational incident management or resource allocation plan. To this
end, HSPD-5 requires the Secretary of Homeland Security to develop
a National Response Plan (NRP) that integrates Federal government
domestic prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery plans into
a single, all-disciplines, all- hazards plan. The NRP, using the
comprehensive framework provided by the NIMS, will provide the structure
and mechanisms for national-level policy and operational direction
for Federal support to State, local, and tribal incident managers
and for exercising direct Federal authorities and responsibilities
as appropriate under the law.
HSPD-5 requires all Federal departments and agencies to adopt the
NIMS and to use it in their individual domestic incident management
and emergency prevention, preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation
programs and activities, as well as in support of all actions taken
to assist State, local, or tribal entities. The directive also requires
Federal departments and agencies to make adoption of the NIMS by
State and local organizations a condition for Federal preparedness
assistance (through grants, contracts, and other activities) beginning
in FY 2005. Jurisdictional compliance with certain aspects of the
NIMS will be possible in the short term, such as adopting the basic
tenets of the Incident Command System (ICS) identified in this document.
Other aspects of the NIMS, however, will require additional development
and refinement to enable compliance at a future date (e.g., data
and communications systems interoperability). The Secretary of Homeland
Security, through the NIMS Integration Center discussed in Chapter
VII, will publish separately the standards, guidelines, and compliance
protocols for determining whether a Federal, State, local, or tribal
entity has adopted the aspects of the NIMS that are in place by October
1, 2004. The Secretary, through the NIMS Integration Center, will
also publish, on an ongoing basis, additional standards, guidelines,
and compliance protocols for the aspects of the NIMS not yet fully
developed.